The payment gateway initiates the process of 3D Secure v2 authentication.

If the card is enrolled for 3D Secure v2, the 3D Secure v2 process continues.

If the card is not enrolled for 3D Secure v2, the payment gateway proceeds with cardholder authentication in 3D Secure v1 mode.

If the card is not enrolled for 3D Secure v1, then it continues the transaction without authentication but with the risk of having the authorization denied.